How is thyroid disease diagnosed in children?

Why is the thyroid important?

The thyroid gland is responsible for producing hormones that regulate the body's metabolism.

In children, thyroid hormones play an important role not only in energy utilization but also in growth and development.

An underactive or overactive thyroid gland can cause different symptoms.

Underactive thyroid

Hypothyroidism is a condition in which there is an insufficient production of thyroid hormones.

In children:

• Slowing of height growth,

• Weakness,

• Constipation,

• Sensitivity to cold,

• Weight gain,

• Skin or hair changes,

• Delayed pubertal development

Findings such as these may be observed.

Overactive thyroid

In hyperthyroidism, thyroid hormones are produced in excess.

In this situation:

• Palpitation,

• Sweating,

• Heat intolerance,

• Restlessness or irritability,

• Trembling hands,

• Weight loss,

• Sleep problems

Symptoms such as these may occur.

Are the symptoms alone sufficient evidence?

No.

Many of these symptoms can also be seen in different health problems. Therefore, diagnosing thyroid disease based solely on symptoms is not accurate.

The child's complaints, growth and development process, physical examination findings, and blood tests when necessary are evaluated together.

Why is growth monitoring important?

Growth processes can provide important information in the evaluation of thyroid diseases in children.

Thyroid function may need to be evaluated, especially if there is unexplained growth retardation, weight changes, or developmental differences.